一、Feign简介
Feign是一个声明式的伪Http客户端,它使得写Http客户端变得更简单。使用Feign,只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性,可使用Feign 注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign默认集成了Ribbon,并和Eureka结合,默认实现了负载均衡的效果。
简而言之:
- Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
- Feign 整合了ribbon
- 架构如下:
二、准备工作
继续用上一节的工程, 启动eureka-server,端口为8761; 启动service-hi 两次,端口分别为8762 、8773.
三、创建一个feign的服务
新建一个spring-boot工程,取名为serice-feign,在它的pom文件引入Feign的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-feign、Eureka的起步依赖spring-cloud-starter-eureka、Web的起步依赖spring-boot-starter-web,代码如下:
4.0.0 com.forezp service-feign 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT jar service-feign Demo project for Spring Boot org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.2.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eureka org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-feign org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies Dalston.RC1 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin spring-milestones Spring Milestones https://repo.spring.io/milestone false
在工程的配置文件application.yml文件,指定程序名为service-feign,端口号为8765,服务注册地址为 ,代码如下:
eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/server: port: 8765spring: application: name: service-feign
在程序的启动类ServiceFeignApplication ,加上@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign的功能:
@SpringBootApplication@EnableDiscoveryClient@EnableFeignClientspublic class ServiceFeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ServiceFeignApplication.class, args); }}
定义一个feign接口,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了service-hi服务的“/hi”接口,代码如下:
/** * Created by fangzhipeng on 2017/4/6. */@FeignClient(value = "service-hi")public interface SchedualServiceHi { @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET) String sayHiFromClientOne(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);}
在Web层的controller层,对外暴露一个”/hi”的API接口,通过上面定义的Feign客户端SchedualServiceHi 来消费服务。代码如下:
@RestControllerpublic class HiController { @Autowired SchedualServiceHi schedualServiceHi; @RequestMapping(value = "/hi",method = RequestMethod.GET) public String sayHi(@RequestParam String name){ return schedualServiceHi.sayHiFromClientOne(name); }}
启动程序,多次访问,浏览器交替显示:
hi forezp,i am from port:8762 hi forezp,i am from port:8763